What Is IP Addressing Scheme? & Its Types

IP (Internet Protocol) Addressing Scheme

IP Addressing Scheme

An IP address is a unique identifier used to locate a device on the IP network. the address structure is subdivided into the network ID and the host ID.  The first IP of a network is network number and the last IP is reserved for Broadcast IP.

There are 2 types of Addressing in IP.

• CLASSFUL ADDRESSING
• CLASSLESS ADDRESSING

class full Addressing – 

• An IP address allocation the method that allocates IP addresses according to Five major Classes.
• Less Practical
• Network ID and Host ID changes depending on the Classes.
• Classful addressing categorizes the IP addresses into Five Major Classes: Class A, B, C, D, and E.

Class A Address

The first bit of the first octet is always set to 0 (zero). 

Thus the first octet ranges from 1 – 127.

·         The network ID is 8 bits long.

·         The host ID is 24 bits long.

• The default subnet mask for Class A is 255.x.x.x.

If You Read About What is Default Gateway? Click On Link

Class B Address

An IP address which belongs to class B has the first two bits in the first octet set to 10.

Thus the Second octet ranges from 128 – 191.

 ·         The network ID is 16 bits long.

·         The host ID is 16 bits long.

•  The default subnet mask for class B is 255.255.x.x. 

Class C Address

The first octet of Class C IP address has its first 3 bits set to 110.

Thus the Third octet ranges from 192 – 223.

·         The network ID is 24 bits long.

·         The host ID is 8 bits long.

• The default subnet mask for class C is 255.255.255.x. 

If You Don't Know About What Is Networking Devices? Click On Link and Read Out.

Class D Address

first four bits of the first octet in Class D IP addresses are set to 1110.

Thus the Third octet ranges from 224 – 239.

• Class D is reserved for Multicasting.
• Class D has an IP address range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Class E Address

This IP Class is reserved for experimental purposes & research purposes only for R&D or Study.

• IP addresses in this class range from 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254.
• This class doesn’t have any subnet mask. 

Private IP

Classless Addressing -

• An IP Address Allocation method that is designed to replace classful addressing to Minimize the Rapid Exhaustion of IP Address.
• More Practical and Useful.
• There is no boundary on Network ID and Host ID.
• Classless addressing is also called Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR).

For example, Assume that the Classless Address is 192.168.1.35/27